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On October 4, 1957, the world's first artificial satellite went into earth orbit. The rocket with the satellite lifted from the 5th Research test site of the Ministry of defense of the USSR, which later became the Baikonur cosmodrome. The PS-1 spacecraft (the simplest satellite-1) was a sphere with four (actually two antennas laid crosswise in the body) antennas, a transmitter and a battery. Dimensions of the device: sphere diameter: 58 cm, antenna length: 240 cm and 290 cm, weight: 83.6 kg. 295 seconds after launch, the Central block of the rocket was placed in an elliptical orbit with an apogee of 947 km and a perigee of 288 km. At 315 seconds of flight, Sputnik separated from the second stage of the launch vehicle and sent its call signs to the air. Sputnik spent 92 days in orbit, until January 4, 1958, making 1,440 revolutions around the Earth, covering a distance of 60 million kilometers.
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